Will of Steel by Grandmaster Doug Cook

                    Originally published by Totally TaeKwonDo Magazine

January 2021

Will of Steel

By

Grandmaster Doug Cook

info@chosuntkd.com   /   www.chosuntkd.com   /   www.ustaweb.com

The world today is a complex and dangerous place filled with reward, sacrifice and, most urgently, extreme adversity significantly more intense than we have ever experienced before in modern times. And unlike in the past where political or material woes threatened our sanity, we cannot negotiate our way out of what beleaguers us presently. No word or deed from whatever source can turn the demon at our door away. Not this time. World leaders, to a great degree, cannot be trusted to guide us simply because they are not magicians. They, like all, are impotent against the onslaught of unmitigated disease; the inhumanity and indifference of a microscopic monster bent of the devastation of our species. Yet, as we know, hope abounds in the form of a unique molecular grouping that even now is rushing to the rescue, cobbled together by a few illuminated pharma wizards optimistically in the nick of time.

So….where does that leave us. How, as resilient martial artists - as rare a breed as we are - can we fortify our minds, our bodies against the debilitating stress that we have globally endured for the past ten months?   

We are born into the lives we lead deserving nothing more than what we gain from honest work. Some believe that in order to get ahead you must think first and foremost of yourself. Nevertheless, while destiny may be fulfilled by the actions we channel towards our quest for personal success, both in our martial arts training and in private pursuits, we must possess a compassionate heart and remain sensitive to the needs of others. Perhaps most important, however, we must cultivate a Will of Steel, the strength necessary to protect ourselves and our clarity of mind from punishing hardship.

Will of Steel, also familiar to the taekwondoist as Indomitable Spirit, the last but perhaps the most important of the Five Tenets,  can further be quantified as the psychological muscle required to abide radical pain and suffering whether it be unique to the individual or external in nature relating to someone we know and love. It is the ability to remain focused regardless of concentrated distraction in order to provide support and stability to those around us at a time when they may need it most. Often it is irrelevant whether the trouble is physically or mentally rooted since the despair it creates results in the same emotional distress. Exhibiting a Will of Steel may begin by merely acting the part; putting on a game face and attempting not to waver while in reality your heart is plagued with fear. This may be a very difficult task to accomplish particularly if the crisis you are facing has come as a shock or surprise.

Fortunately, traditional taekwondo provides a platform upon which a Will of Steel can be nurtured. However, being a martial artist does not automatically qualify the practitioner as being someone gifted with this brand of enduring strength. On the contrary, having shed the bravado many people artificially display in trying times, we as taekwondoists, by virtue of the humility demanded by diligent training, appreciate the great effort required to genuinely develop the simplest component of a strong character. Yet, our ability to remain open to change and self-improvement gives us a leg up in our attempt to generate what amounts to internal resiliency. Furthermore, to realize the virtue of a Will of Steel one must approach their training with sincerity and purpose, fully appreciating the value of Do, or the Way. Mindful practice of any classical martial way assumes that the practitioner is intent on a path of excellence, a road towards holistic development and not just in search of combat skills. Paradoxically, it is through the practice of these combat skills that the martial artist nurtures moral fiber.

Regrettably, turmoil frequently lingers causing a Will of Steel to float on a foundation of patience. Pandemics, sickness, financial strain and family unrest have no determinate timetable forcing the individual to undergo unremitting anxiety and confusion. However, any martial artist devoted to their practice can testify to the fact that patience is the cornerstone of progress. The waiting period between color belt levels for instance is clearly an exercise in patience while the time span between dan grad levels is decidedly measured in years. This custom of waiting breeds undeniable patience that can be superimposed on almost any situation in life; even awaiting the termination of a worldwide pandemic.  

Moreover, if the practitioner is following the path of traditional taekwondo, then certainly meditation and its related benefits is a vital ingredient of their training regimen. There are many goals of meditation in the martial arts, but when attempting to build a Will of Steel, serenity of mind in conjunction with Ki enhancement, is a major contributor. Sitting in quiet reflection for a period of fifteen minutes in the morning or evening can prove to be a potent elixir when faced with an unending stream of anxiety. Likewise, the period of meditation can be used to visualize Ki fortifying the mind and body against the constant worry. The universal life force is not only an effective tool in amplifying combat technique, but in a practical sense, acts as a shield against bodily damage positioning it as a worthy ally of Indomitable Spirit. Consequently, Ki not only projects, but protects.

When examined closely, all aspects of taekwondo training can have a profound effect on the promotion of a Will of Steel. Something as basic as a solid front stance (ap koobi), when executed correctly, can have an enormous centering effect on the human psyche. Sparring, too, with its tendency to point out our strengths and weaknesses within the framework of a combat environment, fosters courage in the face of danger. Clearly, this is no small contribution when dealing with uninvited suffering.   

Additionally, breaking or, kyuk pa, while sometimes viewed as the theatrical, dramatic component of taekwondo, realistically develops focus and willpower. Comparing the destruction of a seemingly unyielding block of stone to a life challenge that must be dealt with and conquered, ultimately prepares the spirit for unforeseen challenges. Even the simple act, if it can be termed as such, of hard training enriches the senses through chemical reactions in the body leaving the martial artist refreshed and invigorated following an intense class.

The classical martial arts offer support for the cultivation of a Will of Steel when viewed from their various philosophical perspectives as well. Most styles that train in a traditional manner acknowledge the influence of Zen (Seon) Buddhist doctrine. Plainly put, one of the key elements of this spiritual paradigm is the principle of existing in the here and now. This permits the practitioner to appreciate the moment in its fullness rather than becoming anxious about the future or regretful when looking backwards to the past. If approached in this manner, the specter of misfortune can be relegated to a place on the periphery of our consciousness rather than permitting it to assume center stage in our daily routine thus consuming us with worry; and these days, fatigues and deep despair. By the same token, Taoism teaches us that everything occurs in its appointed time and as clinical as this notion may initially appear when seeking solace from unbearable emotional pain it does presume a grand design outside the current scope of our understanding. Remaining focused and devoted to one’s traditional taekwondo training often results in the distraction one needs most when dealing with difficult times. In a therapeutic sense, while it may not be the decisive answer to every problem, it represents a lifeboat in a sea of troubled seas; an oasis in a desert of doubt.

Totally Taekwondo
Magazine Issue 143
January 2021

 At some point in our lives we are all faced with the necessity   of defending ourselves when faced with intense emotional   stress or physical danger; 2020 is undoubtedly one of those   times. Life is not exclusively Yang, but Eum as well; often     jubilant but in darker times, less forgiving. How we deal with   this dichotomy dictates the quality of our existence. It is the   goal of the martial artist, especially those cognizant of the   Way, to live life to its fullest whatever the definition of that may be to the individual, to accept change gracefully rather than view it as a knife to the throat. However, a Will of Steel is yet another hardened tool to be used in our quest for self-fulfillment and provides a worthy adversary to extreme adversity.      

Grandmaster Doug Cook, 8^th Dan Chang Moo Kwan and 7^th Dan Kukkiwon-certified black belt, is owner of the Chosun Taekwondo Academy located in Warwick, New York, a senior student of the late Grandmaster

Richard Chun, president/CEO of the United States Taekwondo Association, and an Advisory Council member of the World Martial Arts Alliance. He has authored four best-selling books entitled: Taekwondo…Ancient Wisdom for the Modern Warrior, Traditional Taekwondo - Core Techniques, History and Philosophy, Taekwondo–A Path to Excellence, and Taekwondo Black Belt Poomsae: Original Koryo and Koryo. Grandmaster Cook has been a monthly contributor to Totally TaeKwonDo magazine since 2009, and can be reached for seminars, Korea training tours, online ZOOM workshops or questions regarding USTA membership at www.chosuntkd.com, www.ustaweb.com, on Facebook, or through email at info@chosuntkd.com.

A Retrospective of my Taekwondo Training

 Bodan Essay by Patricia Lennon                       October 2015

It’s all about the journey

As soon as I became a Bodan, I felt that I should somehow be “different”.  I was a little nervous at first – wondering “what” exactly should be different about me.  Soon, I began to notice some changes.  A small “error” in class felt “humongous” to me!  How could I do that?  I am a Bodan!  Then, something kicked in.  Maybe it was the beginnings of an indomitable spirit.  I responded to my error, with tenacity and determination – I would not let a misstep throw me off.  Instead, I trained harder.  I was almost glad I had made a

Gyeongju Plains-Home of the Hwarang Warriors

mistake, because it gave me the opportunity to strengthen my “will”, and focus my mind.  In martial arts, we are taught that our focus needs to be in the moment, mindful and aware.  You have to move on to the next moment, the next move, maintaining the positive energy that we call Ki.  Ki is the energy that flows through us – giving us an indomitable spirit.

As I move closer toward Black Belt, it seems that three specific martial arts concepts seem to be unfolding for me.  They are the basic martial arts teachings of “mindfulness”, “Ki development” and the “indomitable spirit” that we are called to internalize during our recitation of the five tenets of taekwondo.

Reflecting on these concepts, it becomes clearer to me that this is a life long journey – a process, which does not happen overnight, and which demands that I have patience - with myself, and with the training process.

A journey requires patience, and, I believe, patience requires courage.  Therefore,  I en-courage myself!  I remind myself that I will be a black belt soon!  I accept the many responsibilities that come along with this process – two of which are to train harder than I think I can, and to show good spirit!  I know that the “good spirit” that we are encouraged to show is more than a loud kihup, or throwing hard punches, blocks and kicks.  I believe it has more to do with “taking full custody of one’s life”, which is the journey we are on.

The journey is a personal one.

I suspect the changes in the transition to Black Belt will be subtle, gentle stirrings - 

felt subjectively, before becoming externally apparent.  We train for ourselves, first and foremost.  Not for outward appearance or appreciation.  The journey is a personal one.  Although we train together – and we do form bonds – we have a common purpose, and that is reason enough for such bonds to form.  We encourage each other, sincerely and enthusiastically, passionately and compassionately – always reveling in one another’s progress. 

We are truly “team mates” and “school mates”, yet always on our individual journeys.  Like a family, its members bound by many things - yet always and forever - walking their own paths, learning their own lessons, in their own ways – struggling, facing road blocks, overcoming them, mentally, physically and spiritually – challenged, and strengthened by the challenge.

Each small hurdle overcome adds another small muscle to one’s memory – until it becomes unforgettable – forever a part of us.

We are people on a very similar journey - kindred souls, lovers of an art – one in which the artist moves into - and flows with - at their own pace – an art that moves the body.  I am sure dancers and yoga practitioners must reap similar rewards.  Martial Arts, Yoga, Dance – they are all artistry in motion!

Taekwondo is an art form that puts you in touch with your strength – your inner ki strength – and your outward physical strength.

My authentic spirit yell

I think that finding your own kihup, your personal, authentic spirit yell, is part of this path we are on.

When we visited Chosun Rockland to participate in their women’s self defense class, we encouraged the women to “kihup” when they hit the target.  I noticed that some of the women were noticeably quite uncomfortable with yelling out the word kihup.  I understand that this, in part, could be because they’ve never done it before.  They may never have spoken the word “kihup”, no less yelled it, loudly, in front of a group of strangers. 

I remember the first time I let out a loud kihup.  Up until that day, I had probably whispered my kihups.  As white belts, we were taught that we needed to kihup in order to get more power into our moves, and in addition to this, it “showed good spirit”.  And our training had much to do with “spirit”.  After all, an indomitable spirit is one of the 5 tenets of Taekwondo.   So I would try to kihup, but I really didn’t know how.   I loved the translation of the word – “spirit yell”.  I really wanted my spirit to yell.  And I noticed that some people had louder spirit yells than others.  I had a feeling that it didn’t matter so much how loud my kihup would be.  But I still had some apprehension about it.  On this particular day, I did actually kihup quite loudly.  I remember that I was quite surprised about what had just come out of my mouth.  Just then, one of the black belts that I had been training with regularly, Master Sammy Testa, gave me a “thumbs up”, and ‘a look’ that said something like “you go girl!”.   She had witnessed my very first real kihup!  I won’t forget that day.

One Buddhist teaching says – you are already what you are seeking to become.  With this in mind, I think that the ki energy and indomitable spirit is already in me.  And that Taekwondo is a path which can lead me to this energy, this life force.

It reminds me of the art of photography.  The photographer sees something, and wants to savor it.  It’s already there… in its natural state.  The photographer snaps the photo… and goes back to the dark room … and develops the film – at first it appears that there isn’t anything on the film – but slowly – the image starts to appear – and, as if from nothing, there is it.  It was always there – the photographer just had to develop it.  And so it is with my ki.  And my indomitable spirit.  I am slowly but surely developing these aspects of myself – through my training.  Uncovering what is already there.  I look at Taekwondo as a true art form.  I realize it is a form of self defense – but for me, on a daily basis, as an integral part of my life, it is also an art form.  And in this way, it is much like music, or sculpture.  Artists have said that the music, or the statue – was already there – in its entirety – the image of it was in their mind’s eye, and they just needed to uncover it. 

And so it is with my spirit yell – not so much the actual yell that comes out of my mouth, but more, the place where the indomitable spirit within can find it’s voice, and express itself, authentically. The voice within that yells out – I have trained really hard!  I am a Martial Artist!  I am a White Belt! ... a Yellow Belt!......I am a Bodan!  I am a Black Belt.  Finding that voice is the source of my training -- developing my martial arts voice - my ki -  my indomitable spirit. 

The Warrior’s Path

Since I am practicing the Eastern tradition of Taekwondo, it follows naturally to investigate some of the philosophy at its foundation.  Zen is a basic philosophy behind the martial arts.  The Samurai warriors practiced Zen as a way of life. 

“Mushin” is the essence of Zen.  It is Mindfulness.  Mushin is a peaceful state of mind – one of pure mental clarity.  This is the way of the martial arts warrior.  It is, indeed, a peaceful way, and we are “defenders of the peace”. 

We encounter other warriors on the trail - humble warriors, who walk softly on this path – ever mindful of past travelers, and future ones.  In some, their “Ki” is almost visible.  And when you speak with others, their “spirits” practically yell out.  It is not the “kihup” sort of  “yell” that I am referring to, but a more subtle kind - an indomitable spirit, which has truly developed with much hard work, perseverance, and passion for their practiced art.

Our pilgrimage begins at the Dojang.  As with any traveler who dares to take a road less traveled, it will not be smoothed, nor tamped down by previous travelers, because there are relatively few. 

We are all homeward bound warriors – and when we meet our fellow “HoBo Warriors”, we humbly bow to one another – out of respect, and comradery, and reverence for the noble cause that we are all defending, and recognition of a similar spirit. 

We are martial artists, we continue to train, journeying from the dojang, to a place within ourselves, growing in strength, developing our martial spirits, and then, journeying back again, to the dojang, the place where we, together, strengthen our spirits. There, we gain strength and courage, and fine tune the balance - between strength and gentleness, courage and humility.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Ki: The Fuel That Amplifies Technique

by Master Doug Cook

Taekwondo Times "Traditions" Column March, 2015

      The practice of traditional taekwondo requires the student to become proficient in a multitude of blocks, kicks, strikes and sweeps. However, in order to amplify these techniques far beyond the limitations of the physical body, one must introduce an element not easily definable in common terms. This element is referred to as Ki in Korean and Chi or Qi in Chinese. Grandmaster Richard Chun, a true pioneer and practitioner of traditional taekwondo states that, “Ki is the cosmic ocean in which everything exists.”    Ki development is an essential component of martial arts training that is often overlooked in all likelihood due to the metaphysical issues it raises. Nevertheless, teaching traditional taekwondo

Master Cook teaching Ki development exercises

without offering the practitioner exercises in Ki development is tantamount to sitting someone behind the steering wheel of a car, but telling them nothing of the fuel that powers its engine. Ki is the elixir that amplifies technique and triggers great strength; it is the force that shields the body from harm while maintaining health and a sense of well being when in balance.

     For centuries, since the publication of the Nei Jing Su Wen, or the Classic on Internal Medicine, by the Yellow Emperor, Huang Di (2697-2597 B.C.), Asian culture and traditional Chinese medicine in particular has recognized the existence of a force within the human body essential to the maintenance of life.

Today, the relevance of Ki is appreciated by millions of people who practice the discipline of taijiquan, benefit from the flowing postures unique to qigong, and find relief from pain through the treatment of acupuncture. Each of these therapeutic arts in their own way relies on some form of Ki manipulation. Besides the martial arts, use of Ki is common to other disciplines unique to Asian culture: calligraphy, the tea ceremony, and the arrangement of flowers, call on some form of ki management in order to advance their practice. Still, the structure of this vital life force remains a mystery in no small part due to its evanescent nature. Studies have been conducted in an attempt to confirm the reality of Ki but at present, even though energy fields surrounding the body have been measured, no concrete clinical evidence is available to support its existence.

     Physically, Ki can be thought of as a bioelectric current. Subsequently, the martial artist can use this energy to short circuit another’s malevolent energy causing it to betray him in the process. One basis for this assumption is that everything in nature is composed of matter vibrating at different energy levels; molecules are composed of atoms bound together by electrons orbiting a minute nucleus, all with negative and positive charges. If the practitioner can cause his adversary’s kinetic energy to flicker, even for a moment through the use of Ki manipulation, then he has gained the upper hand even before a blow has been dealt. Again, while this effect, defined as combat Ki, is unsubstantiated by science, it stands as the cornerstone of many classical martial disciplines such as hapkido and aikido that rely on yielding to an opponent’s negative intentions.      

To understand Ki and its movement through the body, it is helpful to visualize systems in nature that we are familiar with. In doing so, both the human circulatory system and an ordinary electrical circuit come to mind. Both require a physical pathway for transportation. Arteries, veins and capillaries carry blood. Copper wire transports electricity. What, then, conveys Ki? Ki is thought to travel through a series of channels or meridians that span the body. The two grand meridians, located on the front and back of the torso, feed a complimentary series of channels. These pathways known as the twelve regular meridians are associated with specific organs of the body as follows: lung, large intestine, stomach, spleen, heart, small intestine, bladder, kidney, pericardium, triple warmer, gall bladder, and liver. An additional eight, grouped in pairs, are known as the extraordinary meridians and perform a separate function.

     Nevertheless, all of these meridians are invisible to the eye resulting in great skepticism concerning their existence. However, it is these very meridians and their related pressure points that the acupuncturist stimulates for therapeutic purposes and the martial artist activates to amplify technique. By removing blockages in the meridial system, which can cause illness and in extreme cases, death, the practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine has the power to cure a variety of diseases. Conversely, the taekwondoist, by striking one or more of the many acupoints that dot the body, can incapacitate an attacker. Metaphorically speaking, these pressure points are similar to stations along a railway. Yet, rather then bearing the name of a town or village, they are designated by a number and the anatomical organ with which they are associated. The meridians mirror the tracks while Ki itself would be the engine traveling along the rails. This analogy, while simplistic at best, crudely describes the method of how Ki is distributed throughout the body.

     Located two inches below the navel, the Ki center (tanjun in Korean, or dantien in Chinese), represents the reservoir from which Ki radiates. In Chinese, dan is defined as crystal or the essence of energy, while tien is translated as the area for the essence of energy. It is here that Ki is stored after entering the body. According to Reed, the tanjun is best described as the “one-point, a tiny star, or vortex sucking in immense amounts of energy from the universe.” 

     There are many theories regarding the tanjun, the foremost being that it is the physical, cellular center of the human anatomy from which the body develops outward from conception. It is also considered ones natural center of gravity around which the extremities move. This concept becomes all the more evident when we view the contrasting outlooks between Eastern and Western culture in regards to the hub of human intent. In Western society, we often say that we “think from the heart”; heart ache, heart break, and heart-felt thanks are all conceptual indicators of this principle. Conversely, in Eastern thought, intention is said to emanate from the hara in Japanese, or, as we now know in Korean, the tanjun. This fundamental difference in belief reflects the conviction that the vital life force is distributed from the body’s center and, thus, can be stored, channeled, manipulated, and amplified to promote health and intensify technique in the case of the martial artist. Hence, it can be said that Ki not only projects, but protects. 

    Yet, before one can knowingly utilize Ki to their advantage, they must first acknowledge and trust in its existence. This requires a leap of faith for many Westerners. Ki is benevolent in nature and, therefore refuses to be abused. Through it, the martial artist can dominate, but not terrorize. If the practitioner of qigong, acupuncture, or the martial arts attempts to

Master Doug Cook

manipulate Ki for selfish or malevolent purposes other than cultural tradition, therapeutic value, or self-defense, it is sure to fail them every time. Called upon properly, however, with respect, dignity, and benign intent, it will focus intention, heal, nurture a sense of well being, and amplify traditional taekwondo technique far beyond the limitations of the physical self.  

Master Doug Cook, 6^th dan black belt, is head instructor of the Chosun Taekwondo Academy located in Warwick, New York, a senior student of Grandmaster Richard Chun, and author of four best-selling books focusing on taekwondo. He has been a TaeKwonDo Times columnist over fifteen years. Master Cook can be reached for seminars, training tours to Korea, workshops or questions at www.chosuntkd.com or info@chosuntkd.com.

     

     

The Value of Traditional Taekwondo Training

by Chosun student Julie Cheshire
Belt Promotion Test essay - May 17, 2015

     Traditional taekwondo training focuses on self-defense and “the way” of living a life of virtue. It is in traditional taekwondo that my interest lies.  While I respect the competitive sport of Olympic Taekwondo, it is the traditional martial art that I seek for myself and my children.

      The traditional art includes il su siks and ho sin sools, essential self-defense movements. These are empowering moves that if studied, provide practical ways to save yourself and others from a violent attack. The mere knowledge of these moves provides confidence and power within.  This internal strength can be enough of a force to prevent an attack from happening in the first place.

      Internal strength results not only from knowledge of moves, but also in an understanding of “ki”. Ki development is another focus of traditional taekwondo that enables students to tap into and harvest their internal energy.  While this is a new concept for me, I have experience firsthand how using techniques to harvest its power enable me to perform my breaks successfully.

      It is this focus on the internal that attracted me to taekwondo in the first place. The five tenets provide virtues that will prepare my children to become successful and benevolent. For adults, revisiting the tenets helps focus our daily lives and provides the inner strength to incorporate them. The tenets are not merely recited, they are experienced and promoted through example and lessons at Chosun.  Newcomers are welcomed, patience is extended, and children are expected to treat each other kindly.  Many sports focus on character development, but one is hard pressed to find a sport that emphasizes character development to the same degree I have experienced at Chosun.  Athleticism is nothing without strong character.  In fact, it can be dangerous, especially when a student has become proficient in defense skills.

     Meditation is another traditional component that I find invaluable.  While I still feel like a newcomer to meditation, I have improved. Western cultures have begun embracing meditation for its benefits for health and mind.  Quieting the mind has never been an easy task for me.  My mind is awash with responsibilities and concerns.  Ironically, using time to quiet the mind is often more constructive than trying to get ahead (or catch up) with thoughts of productivity.

     Traditional and sport taekwondo are two separate but related practices, both worthy exercises. However, traditional taekwondo is the only one that meets my personal and parental goals. I have little interest in competitive sport. I find value in the focus on “the way” set forth by the guiding principles, ki development and meditation.  I find value in the empowerment that self defense furnishes. It is the traditional aspects of taekwondo that I value most.

Connecting the Dots - The Influence of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism on Traditional Taekwondo by Master Doug Cook

Taekwondo represents many things to many people; but one thing that it is not is a religion. Although several masters may demand cult-like devotion more akin to faith-based institutions and require unreasonable, impractical and often dangerous techniques from their students, there is no real theological component to the national Korean martial art. Yet it would be disrespectful of history to ignore the reality that the three major philosophical paradigms of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism have had a significant influence on the ideology of traditional taekwondo. Consequently, while these three systems were never

meant to be deified by their founders, it is the ethical and metaphysical content that the martial artist distills from each and not the religious component. From the Ten Mental Educations recited at the end of a training session, to meditation, ki development and the respect paid to seniors, all the taekwondoist needs to do is connect the dots between the aforementioned practices and the Asian philosophical triad to gain a better understanding of their art.

Buddhism, first introduced to Korea from China in A.D. 372, encompasses the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama who came to be known as Buddha or the Enlightened One. The Buddhist canon consists of the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path and in some cases, the tradition of Seon (Zen, Chan) or meditation. A cornerstone of this system is a belief that suffering arises as a direct result of desire. While Buddhism was practiced in ancient Korea during the Three Kingdoms and United Silla (A.D. 668-935) periods, it eventually evolved into the state religion of the Koryo Dynasty (A.D. 918-1392). Later, during the Chosun Dynasty (A.D. 1392-1910) when Confucianism ruled, the Righteous Monk movement played a vital role in repelling the Japanese invasion unleashed on Chosun in A.D. 1592.

Confucianism on the other hand, revolves around a blueprint rooted in ethical and philosophical principles developed by Kung-fu Tzu (551-479 B.C.) or in Western terms, Confucius. Encouraging exemplary moral behavior and communal endeavor, Confucianism dominated during the Chosun era, eclipsing Buddhism and championed scholastic achievement rather quotidian skills of warfare. Included in this philosophy was a hierarchal respect for elders and forbearers.

Last, but by no means least important, is the influence Taoism has exerted on the social fabric of Korean culture specifically, and thus traditional taekwondo in general. Noted for its focus on the relationship between humanity and the natural order of the Universe known as the Tao or the Way, Taoism is thought to have been established by Lao Tzu (570-490 B.C.) who, as legend has it, may be a name for a combination of individuals rather than a single man.

When we consider the connection between these three primordial Asian philosophies turned religions, a good place to start is with the Ten Mental Educations or the Student Creed of Taekwondo, which includes the following principles:

·       Be loyal to your country.

·       Be loving and show fidelity to parents.

·       Be loving between husband and wife.

·       Be cooperative between brothers and sisters.

·       Be faithful to your friends.

·       Be respectful to elders.

·       Establish trust between teacher and student.

·       Use good judgment before harming any living thing.

·       Never retreat in battle.

·       Always finish what you start.     

Upon close inspection, we find that the subsequent actions required by this code of moral behavior rest solidly in Confucianism’s camp. Filial piety, a deep respect for the wisdom cultivated by elders and the placement of  the welfare of the community above self, are all signifiers of the influence Confucianism has exercised not only on the dictates of traditional taekwondo, but, again, on Korean society at large. Just as we bow to upper belts in the dojang, it is not unusual in the homeland of taekwondo for juniors to readily assist seniors in any number of situations. Similarly, even though taekwondo is predominantly a physical art, the nurturing of the intellect through the study of technical nomenclature, Korean history as it relates to the native martial arts and a grasp of the rich philosophical underpinnings of taekwondo poomsae, all subscribe to Confucian ethics.

Likewise, the virtue of using sound judgment before harming any living thing has its source in the teachings of Buddhism. It was the Buddhist monk Wonkwang Popsa who transmitted the concept of using just force in battle to two, young Hwarang warriors, Kwisan and Chuhang during the Silla era that thunders down the centuries and continues to govern the use of modern day taekwondo tactics today. Zen or Seon Buddhism has also contributed to focused meditation; a practice considered to be a vital element of the traditional taekwondo curriculum. Seating in a rooted posture emulating a great mountain, with the knees resting on the floor and the torso, shoulders and head tapering into a majestic peak, promotes stability and tranquility of mind while acting as a centering force prior to training.

Yet clearly it is Taoism that contributes most to the metaphysical aspects of traditional, pure-form taekwondo. For instance, the ancient Taoist art of qigong, or work on qi, has supplied a roadmap for the various exercises we have come to rely upon in the Korean martial arts to cultivate and manifest ki, the internal, animating life force used to amplify technique. Moreover, the Eum/Yang, universally known, with some modifications, as the Taoist Yin/Yang, provides a timeless symbol signifying the duality of opposites, balance and an acceptance regarding the notion of constant change. But it is the Way, recognized in Taoism as a central doctrine, which reminds all martial artists that we are on a path to excellence in following the Way of traditional taekwondo.

For many practitioners, me included, traditional taekwondo, if practiced with vigor, diligence and sincerity, provides many of the spiritual requirements found in formalized religion yet devoid of the complex dogma unique to such pursuits. Nevertheless, it is worthwhile remembering that the national Korean martial art is first and foremost an action philosophy and a physical endeavor supported by a rich underlying philosophy steeped in ancient wisdom.           

Master Doug Cook, a 6^th dan black belt, is head instructor of the Chosun Taekwondo Academy located in Warwick, New York, a senior student of Grandmaster Richard Chun, and author of four best-selling books entitled: Taekwondo…Ancient Wisdom for the Modern Warrior, Traditional Taekwondo - Core Techniques, History and Philosophy, Taekwondo–A Path to Excellence and Taekwondo Black Belt Poomsae: Original Koryo and Koryo, all published by YMAA of Boston. He can be reached for lectures, workshops or questions at www.chosuntkd.com or info@chosuntkd.com. 

The Heart of Taekwondo by Grandmaster Doug Cook

When the heart of taekwondo beats, it gives life to the advancement

of supreme discipline, the achievement of noble character, and the cultivation of an enlightened worldview. It breaks the bonds that bind us to the Earth and again, as adults, allows us to feel the wind beneath our feet rather than merely around them. It fuels a passion unrealized by quotidian man and supports the Buddhist doctrine of Beginner’s Mind, filling us with a continuous sense of 

wonder and renewal. It is a strong heart, not predicated on simple physicality, but supplemented by an unhindered stream of benevolent intent bent on enriching the common good. And, with each thump, the elements of confidence grow, urging us to appreciate life’s path rather than being blinded by its daily perils.

The heart of taekwondo cannot be found on an anatomical chart or described in medical texts. It refuses to be broken and has the resiliency to mend quickly. It beats to a personal rhythm, uninfluenced by the proximity of others and, while easily pierced by Cupid’s arrow, it remains impervious to the barbs of malefactors critical of Korean martial tradition.

Within its chambers flows the chemistry of respect for all living things regardless of taxonomic hierarchy, chronological placement, social status or scale. The unique relationship between junior and senior as dictated by Confucian ethic is implied in all interactions between teacher and student, venerated master and worthy disciple. And, where dissention arises, a clear, meditative mind tempered by measured yet decisive behavior, dominates.

But, the heart of taekwondo, in order to maintain the extraordinary health vital to any major bodily component, demands precise, frequent and vigorous exercise. Defined by its very nature, the national combat art of Korea is first and foremost an action philosophy where words can never replace movement. And, since the road to hell is paved with good intentions, so the heart will fail if will is not bolstered by technical superiority manifested through repetitive, martial motion.

Yet, sadly, the heart of taekwondo is not impervious to injury, doubt and discouragement. It, like any organ, can fall prey to unlooked-for disease that, if left unchecked, will ultimately result in severe consequences. The demon of self-doubt, similar to existing cardiovascular maladies, can have a devastating effect on the spirit, as can a perceived lack of challenge or constant, unflagging negative criticism on the part of an inexperienced or insecure instructor.

And, too, the heart of taekwondo must be a brave heart, resolute in the face of adversity, courageous against all odds. It must exhibit the fortitude of enduring strength, both physically and emotionally and, subsequently, beat in sync with others who temporarily require an umbrella of comfort in times of extreme need or unmitigated suffering. And rightly so, since to many, the martial artist represents a superman of sorts, prepared to rescue those less fortunate in the ways defensive strategy, mentally and physically.

Nevertheless, while fierce, the heart of taekwondo must remain soft and pliant as well, mirroring the Eum/Yang; that most classic of Taoist symbols so aptly illustrating the duality of opposites compounded by a flexible acceptance of constant change. And so, naturally, compassion, amplified by the ancient wisdom of the Hwarang-do, not to inflict needless pain through the use of unwarranted force in battle, remains a hallmark of the sincere martial artist.

Not surprisingly, the heart of taekwondo has been known to skip a beat at the thrill of competition, knowing full well that years, if not decades, of focused training composed of hard work, sweat and blood, ultimately distills down to one, single moment in time where one is destined to win or lose; where the exceptional athlete is given the opportunity to stand atop the podium adorned in Olympic gold.

Conversely, any organism with a beating heart can undergo attack. Frightening yet recoverable at best, fatal at worst, the trauma caused by a medical event of this nature, at minimum, is certain to leave lasting scars not soon forgotten. It is when political machinations, self-aggrandizement and unbridled egos come into play that the heart of taekwondo is forced to tolerate unbearable stress threatening to stop its constant, stable cadence in its tracks. Too often, organizations and individuals, primarily driven by blind ambition, have permitted dollars to trump tradition; victory in the ring at any cost to eclipse longstanding martial virtues intended to govern malicious deeds and a clear lack of sportsmanship. Since its inception, the historical fabric of the Korean martial arts, here and in Korea have been stained with uncertainty but, at the same time, cleansed by righteous objectives at the behest of men and women who brook no detours on the path to excellence striving for an elevated brand of taekwondo; largely due to these tireless, gallant acts of perseverance, at its very core the heart of taekwondo remains sturdy, munificent, fortified by ritual and capable of such majestic achievement. It beats in time with the maturation process of the martial artist physically, spiritually and intellectually. Its autonomic action frees us to concentrate on basic skill, advanced technique and the unblemished performance of poomsae, hyung or tuls that represent the comprehensive catalog of traditional taekwondo.

Yet, the health of this singularly crucial muscle can never be taken for granted. It must be cautiously protected, professionally nursed back to health when in danger of illness and dynamically stimulated in order to carry on an unwavering pulse of proficiency. Because once the heart of taekwondo stops beating, never to be revived, there is certain to be no taekwondo. No taekwondo. Consider it.

Support the heart of taekwondo with diligence. Nurture it. Cultivate its might and, above all, practice – hard.

Grandmaster Doug Cook, 8^th dan black belt, is head instructor of the Chosun Taekwondo Academy located in Warwick, New York, a senior student of the late Grandmaster Richard Chun, and author of four best-selling books entitled: Taekwondo…Ancient Wisdom for the Modern Warrior, Traditional Taekwondo - Core Techniques, History and Philosophy, Taekwondo – A Path to Excellence, and Taekwondo Black Belt Poomsae: Original Koryo and Koryo, along with its companion DVD. He can be reached at www.chosuntkd.com or info@chosuntkd.com.

The Eum/Yang: Symbol of Harmony, Balance and Acceptance of Constant Change by Master Doug Cook

This article was published in Taekwondo Times Magazine issue #67 August, 2013

Taoism and its reliance on the Way or path of natural order, remains a cornerstone of Asian thought to this day and has given rise to what is perhaps one of the most recognized icons of all time: the Yin/Yang.

This eternal symbol, rooted in the ancient Chinese Book of Changes, or I Ching (Korean: Juyeok), is composed of two tear-shaped elements circling one another. Nestled in the lobe of each is a representative sample of its mate. On a three dimensional level, this elementary circle can be extrapolated into two, discreet orbiting polarities thus giving rise to a spiral, satisfying both the cyclical and linear nature of life as we travel through time.

Yet, how does this timeless icon apply to the Korean discipline of tae kwon do? The answer to this question lies in how deeply the practitioner wishes to probe the metaphysical aspects of the martial arts. Taking a utilitarian approach to the basic theme underscoring the Eum/Yang can have a significant impact on the practical application of tae kwon do technique in general. For example, poomsae, hyung or tul, the choreographed formal exercises that stand as a central pillar of traditional tae kwon do, borrow heavily from the philosophical principles surrounding the I Ching. Each of the Kukkiwon gup or color belt poomsae draw their philosophical individualism from the Palgwe whose eight sets of trigrams surrounding the Eum/Yang represent nature in its fullness. The natural elements of heaven, thunder, wind, water, fire and earth, are all in evidence as the practitioner learns to overcome the physical limitations of the body, instead experiencing the spiritual aspects supported by these components while performing this brand of moving meditation.The Ying/Yang furthermore acts as a metaphor for the duality of opposites; the struggle between two opposing forces to exist in a state of equilibrium. Moreover, it embraces a belief in constant change as a central dynamic of daily life. Even though certain characteristics of this time-honored symbol are altered somewhat in the Korean Eum/Yang and the Japanese In/Yo, the underlying principles inherent in its design remain fixed. Depicted in its elegance is the never-ending harmony that exists between two unlike forces; forces such as light and dark, soft and hard, right and left, good and evil, and night and day. This harmonic resolution rests on the fact that, rather than negating one another, these contradictions are supportive in their oneness. Eum is considered the passive, receptive polarity, while Yang can be thought of as the assertive or active partner. Dividing them is a high-energy, sine-curve boundary line. Rather than remaining in a static state, this division vibrates kinetically with Ki, the vital life force.

Meditating on the Eum/Yang, one ultimately concludes that almost everything we do in tae kwon do returns to this elegant symbol. From the give and take of self-defense drills, where one practitioner lends their body to another under the shadow of potential injury, to the relaxed state of the muscles as a prelude to the penetrating power of a kick or a strike, harmony between opposites abound. A healthy, balanced juxtaposition between competition and practical self-defense must be maintained as well if the art and sport of the discipline are to coexist in concordance with one another, ultimately benefiting both sides of the equation.

Finally, if we hope to realize a substantive gain from our practice, we must cultivate a deep appreciation for the breath containing Ki, the universal life force. Therefore, if the Eum/Yang exhibits anything in its extreme simplicity, it is the smooth transfer of breath - inhalation and exhalation particularly during meditation - as it mindfully enters and leaves the body. This action clearly provides potential energy coupled with an amplification of technique so vital to the martial artist.     

Unquestionably, tae kwon do is about kicking, striking and self-defense. Moreover, it has clearly blossomed into a world sport with full recognition by the International Olympic Committee. Yet, as in the past, it remains a vehicle for developing a strong character and a sharp mind. One is constantly reminded of this dichotomy by the universal symbol of the Eum/Yang.

Master Doug Cook, a 6^th dan black belt, is head instructor of the Chosun Taekwondo Academy located in Warwick, New York, a senior student of Grandmaster Richard Chun, and author of four best-selling books focusing on taekwondo. He can be reached for lectures, workshops or questions at www.chosuntkd.com or info@chosuntkd.com.

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The Dojang - A Safe Haven During 9/11 Master Doug Cook

It is ten years hence and that fateful day is still vivid in my mind.

On September 11, 2001, I was employed in New York City at a job that I would soon vacate in favor of teaching martial arts professionally. On that tragic but stunningly brilliant morning, I stood on the corner of Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth Street watching the destruction of the World Trade Center unfold before my very eyes.

Seconds after seeing the second plane slam into the South Tower, realizing full well that this was an assault on our country equal only in magnitude to the infamous attack on Pearl Harbor, I quickly made the decision to leave the city to seek the safety of my home and family sixty miles away.
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TAEKWONDO: REAL WEALTH!

Over the past year and a half, our country has found itself in the bull’s eye of a financial crisis. Across the nation mortgages go unpaid, students are finding it difficult to secure college loans, and investments made in the hope of attaining long-term prosperity are evaporating. These challenges, coupled with others we are likely to experience in the coming years, cause many of us to ask just what real wealth is.

Is real wealth securing a job we are confident is bulletproof, only to eventually find it exported to a foreign land? Is real wealth measured by money in a bank exposed to the whims of an erratic global economy? Or is it something more…something that is neither minted, nor interviewed for?


We who diligently practice traditional tae kwon do are fortunate in that we realize an awakening of sorts. Not in a religious sense, although at times it can be of a spiritual nature, but in a way that cultivates passion and wonder; a desire to enthusiastically pursue something bigger than ourselves. Through tae kwon do training we develop courage in contrast to danger, a trait that in an uncertain world can be translated as the strength to break through adversity, just as we would a brick or pine board during a promotion test. In the big scheme of things, these virtues may seem small. But when the standards many of us thought for so long to be unshakable begin to crumble, courage, strength and the self-assurance to overcome doubt surely counts as real wealth.


Furthermore, real wealth is seen in the eyes of our young students who are developing confidence along with patience and self-control. Compassion, too, is a characteristic the martial artist must nurture as evidenced by martial arts schools around the world promoting fundraisers that directly benefit their local communities. Recently our Leadership Team, a group of youngsters within the Chosun Taekwondo Academy who aspire to positions of greatness, raised over a thousand dollars for our local ambulance corp. From this it quickly becomes evident that traditional tae kwon do, if practiced sincerely, is not simply about kicking and punching as it may appear on the surface. More correctly, it is about investing life’s coffers with riches that will reap dividends far into the future, immune to greed and self-interest. It is about developing ethical and physical self-defense that will result in real wealth.


Yet, one may ask, how can a discipline resonating with potential violence be expected to imbue such virtuous qualities? The answer to this question depends on the manner in which tae kwon do is taught, and subsequently embraced, by the student.


If the practitioner is to profit from the real wealth associated with martial arts training, they must first be exposed to the vast mosaic that comprises the traditional tae kwon do curriculum. This, clearly, is the responsibility of an experienced instructor acting as mentor and purveyor of the accumulated knowledge or wisdom residing at the core of traditional tae kwon do. The teacher must be selfless in this transmission, putting their student’s well being in the martial arts above all else. They must infuse respect, discipline, and a genuine appreciation for accomplishment, coupled with authentic technique. For example, advanced black belts may find it difficult to recall the first moment the realization set in that they were capable of effectively defending themselves; or the sense of connection experienced with the discovery that they share a martial tradition with over 70,000,000 fellow tae kwon doists worldwide. Moreover, learning how to remain positive when adversity strikes, in tandem with a healthy disregard for the toxic effects of self-criticism, represents an annuity far in excess of those in a bank dissipating before our eyes. These dividends of training, conveyed by a worthy instructor, are significant and act as valuable currency in the face of emotional recession.


But the legal tender of traditional tae kwon do is not printed exclusively on the paper of virtue, but matures on a principle of action. The Five Tenets of Tae Kwon Do – courtesy, integrity, perseverance, self-control and indomitable spirit – lay the foundation for the art, but the structure that houses the real wealth associated with our training must be built of materials forged by orthodox technique. Clearly, due to its Olympic status, many practitioners currently focus primarily on the combat sport element of tae kwon do, an aspect steadfastly developed through the efforts of the World Taekwondo Federation. However, by highlighting the overarching requirements for successful competition in the ring, many of the techniques and philosophical underpinnings associated with self-defense, including hand techniques, poomsae, one-step sparring, Ki or internal energy development and meditation, have been subjugated or forfeited altogether. These sadly overlooked, yet quintessential components of traditional tae kwon do constitute earnings that must be presented in their entirety if the student is to be the recipient of the real wealth vested in this authentic martial discipline.


Likewise, any savvy businessperson expects a substantial return on their investment. And just as yields are often linked to risk, so it is in the martial arts. However, the risk that comes with the inculcation of traditional tae kwon do doctrine is not necessarily related to physical injury as the layperson might expect. On the contrary, if the practitioner pursues the way of tae kwon do with their true heart, then the only hazard they risk is the positive effects of profound enlightenment; a reemergence of the passion and purpose sadly eclipsed by age and the cynicism that frequently accompanies it. The Buddhist concept of beginner’s mind dictates that we approach daily life with a fresh outlook while fending off brittle notions or narrow preconceptions. Subsequently, the real wealth manifest in the fresh worldview gained through the sincere practice of traditional tae kwon do and its underlying philosophy cannot simply be purchased in a monetary sense but must be earned with sweat, determination, and supreme focus.


Without a doubt, across the months and years ahead, our great nation will shake off the onerous yoke of greed perpetrated by a shameful few. The specter of fear and doubt present now will flee in the face of hope. As Americans we have been through times such as these before. Our resilience as a people will triumph. Yet those of us who train in the martial arts will find this transition less painful supported by the real wealth we have accrued through the unquestionable virtues of traditional tae kwon do.